Synthesis of Multi-butylnaphthalene Base Oils Catalyzed by Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid and Its Lubricating Properties

Synthesis of Multi-butylnaphthalene Base Oils Catalyzed by Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid and Its Lubricating Properties

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Alkylnaphthalene as base oils are widely applied in the production of high-performance lubricating oils.Here, we report the synthesis of multi-butylnaphthalenes by alkylation of naphthalene and n-butene with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as catalyst.Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid exhibited excellent catalytic performance with naphthalene conversion, as high as 98.5%, and the multi-butylnaphthalenes Chillums selectivity of 98.

8% under optimum conditions.To investigate the effects of the side-chain numbers on naphthalene on the lubrication performance, two kinds of alkylnaphthalenes were obtained by controlling catalyst dosage, denoted as MBN-1 (90.3% mono/di-butylnaphthalenes) and MBN-2 Tool Set (98.2% tri/tetra/penta/hexa-butylnaphthalenes), respectively.

The primary physiochemical properties of the synthetic oils were tested, and their tribological performance was evaluated.MBN-2, with more side chains on naphthalene, displayed more effective friction reduction and anti-wear properties than MBN-1 and the commercial alkyl naphthalene base oil AN5.